Lady Fern

Plant in a sheltered, shaded position with moist, humus-rich soil. Lady fern is less tolerant of dry conditions than the male fern, so keep the soil consistently moist, particularly during summer. Dig in plenty of leaf mould, well-rotted garden compost, or composted bark before planting. Mulch annually in spring to retain moisture and enrich the soil as it breaks down. Water regularly during dry spells. Avoid exposed, windy positions as the delicate fronds scorch and shred in wind. Lady fern grows well beside ponds, streams, and in bog gardens where moisture is abundant. Space plants 50-60 cm apart in groups of three or more for a naturalistic effect. Feed is rarely needed in rich soil but a scattering of fish, blood, and bone in spring benefits plants on poorer ground.

Cut back all dead fronds to the crown in late February before new crosiers unfurl. The deciduous foliage turns brown after the first frosts, but leaving it in place over winter protects the crown from cold and provides habitat for overwintering insects.