Sunflower

Sow seed directly outdoors from late April to May, once the soil has warmed to at least 10 degrees Celsius. Plant seeds 2 cm deep and 45 cm apart in the sunniest spot available. Sunflowers are not fussy about soil but perform best in fertile, well-drained ground. Water regularly, especially during dry spells — tall varieties need a lot of moisture. Feed fortnightly with a balanced liquid fertiliser once buds appear. Stake tall varieties from an early stage, as mature plants are top-heavy and vulnerable to wind. For cut flowers, choose branching varieties such as Velvet Queen or Valentine. Dwarf varieties like Teddy Bear and Little Becka work well in containers. Leave spent flower heads on the plant in autumn for birds to feed on the seeds. Sunflowers do not transplant well, so always sow where they are to grow.

No pruning required. Remove side shoots on single-stemmed varieties if growing for the largest possible flower head. Leave spent heads for birds in autumn.